Recap Questions pg 181

Q1. It is important for the people of ancient india, china, and southeast asia to respond to external threats because if they do not do anything about the natural disasters, foreign invasion or rivalry between kingdoms, they will be in danger and many lives will be lost. They might even lose their land they once stayed in and become slaves of other countries.

Recap Questions pg 177

Q1. The people of southeast asia faced rivalry between kingdoms and also foreign invasion. people fighting to get their hands on the wealth and the power. IN foreign invasion, they also faced invasion from neighbouring countries, big or small.

Recap Questions pg 174

Q1. The ancient chinese took measures against foriegn invasions. They did this by forming a tribute system, the act of the king promising to help the rulers if they were attacked by rival tribes and kingdoms. IN return, they have to give regular tributes to the king. They also built physical barriers and armies. One example is the great wall of china. It was built to keep out the nomadic tribes out of china. All peasants males had to do one year's service to the army unit.They also developed advanced weapons a few examples are the mechanical flame- thrower and the use of gunpowder for rockets and grenades.

Recap Questions pg 161

Q1. The internal threats of southeast asia , ancient india and china were similar because all of them experienced natural disasters, war and also rebellion. These internal threats cause other problems in all three countries.

Recap QUestions PG158

Q2. IN southeast asia, the people had internal threats like natural disasters, succession disputes,warfare and rebellion and also piracy. The people in southeast asia faced one of the most serious internal threats that are volcanic eruptions. The People persuaded rulers to shift their capital from central to east java. Towards succession disputes, they let the eldest son of the king to take over the throne in order to slove the problem of succession dispute. In privacy, the rulers wanted to stop the pirates from robbing the traders so they sent their natives to crush the pirates and they also employed people who lived on their boats ,known as orang laut, or people of the sea,to act as officals and soldiers to keep watch over the important sea routes.

Recap QUestions PG 155

Q1. The ancient china faced threats like natural disasters,civil wars and also rebellion. The natural disaster in china is the famines because of the increasing population in china, more food were needed and the food produced were not enough. Next is the civil wars. It is the different feudal states having war against each other because of shis getting greedy for more land and power.The most famous was the peroid of the warring states which lasted from 453-221BCE. Another internal threat is rebellion. once the people noticed signs of natural disasters, it means that the king has lost his mandate of heaven, meaning the blessing from heaven to a king to rule his country. The people then rebelled thus using the mandate of heaven as a explaination for their actions.

result of interaction

Maritime trade:
resulted in the good relations and friendship between the civilisations which allowed more raw materials traded and caused advancement in technology and also the expansion of economy.